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Svjetlosna godina Sadržaj Historija | Primjena | Također pogledajte | Reference | Vanjski linkovi | NavigacijaLichtjahrMeasuring the Universe The IAU and astronomical unitsLiebes StarChild, was ist ein Lichtjahr und wozu braucht man es?Die Vermesser des WeltallsFriedrich Wilhelm Bessel (1784-1846)SI unitsDas UniversumAstronomen entdecken am weitesten entfernte Galaxie"A Brief History of Light-Years (Or Why Astronomy Is a Form of Time Travel)"

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AstronomijaMjerne jedinice


udaljenostsvjetlostvakuumuBrzina svjetlostismkmsunčeva godinaAJtrigonometrijske paralakseFriedrich Wilhelm Bessel61 CygniLabuduglovnih sekundiIAUgalaksijaparsecimaα CenUDFy-38135539












Svjetlosna godina




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Svjetlosna godina (sg) je udaljenost koju svjetlost prevali u vakuumu za jednu godinu. Brzina svjetlosti je 3*10 8 m/s, u godini dana ima 60*60*24*365 = 31,536,000 s, i koristeći formulu s = v * t, udaljenost ispada 9,460,800,000,000,000 m.[1] Brzina svjetlosti na nekoliko decimala više iznosi 2,997,924,580 * 108 m/s, pa je tačnija udaljenost 9,454,254,955,488,000 metara, ili nešto malo manje od devet i po hiljada milijardi km. Kako godina dana (sunčeva godina) ima 365 dana 5 sati 48 minuta i 45 sekundi, broj sekundi je zapravo 31,556,925 - a udaljenost iznosi 9,460,528,112,671,650 metara. Jedna svjetlosna godina odgovara 63,241 AJ.[2]


Jedinica sg se koristi u astronomiji jer je, zbog velikog broja decimala, teže izražavanje udaljenosti u kilometrima.[3]




Sadržaj





  • 1 Historija


  • 2 Primjena


  • 3 Također pogledajte


  • 4 Reference


  • 5 Vanjski linkovi




Historija |


Prvo mjerenje metodom trigonometrijske paralakse obavio je 1838. Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (1784-1846).[4]Paralaksa zvijezde 61 Cygni (Labud), čije je mjerenje obavljeno u toku 6 mjeseci, iznosila je u 0,6 uglovnih sekundi što je odgovaralo 11,3 svjetlosnih godina.[5]



Primjena |


IAU je 1976. izdala preporuku o korištenju raznih mjernih jedinica, među njima i za svjetlosnu godinu. Svjetlosna godina preporučena je kao mjerna jedinica za udaljenost u astronomiji, dok se veličina galaksija izražava u parsecima (1 pc = 3,26 sg) [6]





α Cen





UDFy-38135539 snimljena svemirskim teleskopom Hubble


Nakon Sunca nama najbliža zvijezda α Cen udaljena je oko 4,2 sg odgovara otprilike 40 * 1012km.[3]


Odabrani objekti:



  • Rakova maglina udaljena je 4000 sg


  • Naša galaksija ima prečnik od 150000 sg

  • Susjedna galaksija Andromeda udaljena je 2,3 miliona sg

Najudaljeniji posmatrani objekti udaljeni su oko 15 milijardi sg.[7]. Do sada najudaljenija otrkivena galaksija UDFy-38135539 nalazi se na oko 13 milijardi sg.[8]



Također pogledajte |


  • Astronomska jedinica


Reference |




  1. ^ LichtjahrUniverzitet u Kielu, pristupljeno 6.7.2015 (de)


  2. ^ Measuring the Universe The IAU and astronomical unitsIAU, pristupljeno 6.7.2015 (en)


  3. ^ ab Liebes StarChild, was ist ein Lichtjahr und wozu braucht man es?Astronomischer Arbeitskreis an der VHS Göttingen, pristupljeno 6.7.2015 (de)


  4. ^ Bernhard Mackowiak, Die Vermesser des WeltallsZeit Online, objavljeno 25.7.2011, pristupljeno 7.7.2015 (de)


  5. ^ Manfred Holl, Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (1784-1846)mandred.holl.de, pristupljeno 6.7.2015 (de)


  6. ^ SI unitsIAU, pristupljeno 6.7.2015 (en)


  7. ^ Das UniversumSDSS, pristupljeno 6.7.2015 (de)


  8. ^ Astronomen entdecken am weitesten entfernte GalaxieDie Zeit,objavljeno 21.10.2010, pristupljeno 6.7.2015 (de)




Vanjski linkovi |


  • Victoria Jaggard, "A Brief History of Light-Years (Or Why Astronomy Is a Form of Time Travel)"National Geographic (en)



Preuzeto iz "https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Svjetlosna_godina&oldid=2852943"










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