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ታሪካዊ አገሮችፔሩ


14301525ደቡብ አሜሪካፔሩአንዴስ ተራሮችየቲዋናኩ መንግሥትየዋሪ መንግሥትየቁስቁ መንግሥትቀቿ1518እስፓንያፍራንሲስኮ ፒዛሮ1524 ዓም1521አዲሱ ኢንካ መንግሥት1564










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የኢንካ መንግሥት መስፋፋት ከ1430 እስከ 1525 ዓም ደረስ


የኢንካ መንግሥት ከ1430 እስከ 1525 በደቡብ አሜሪካ በተለይም ፔሩ የነበረ መንግሥት ነው።




የኢንካዎች አምባ በቁስቁ ፔሩ


ቀድሞ በአንዴስ ተራሮች የነበሩት መንግሥታት የቲዋናኩ መንግሥት (300-1150 ዓም ግድም) እና የዋሪ መንግሥት (600-1100 ዓም ግድም) እንደ ተገኙ ታውቋል። ከነዚህ መንግሥታት ውድቀት በኋላ ከተነሡት አነስተኛ ክፍላገራት አንዱ የቁስቁ መንግሥት በ1190 ዓም ግድም ተነሣ። ይህ የቁስቁ መንግሥት በ1430 ዓም የኢንካ መንግሥት ተብሎ ጎረቤቶቹን በመያዝ መስፋፋት ጀመር። የኢንካ መንግሥት ስም በራሱ ቋንቋ በቀቿ «ታዋንቲንሱዩ» («አራቱ አውራጆች») ተባለ።


በ1518 ዓም የእስፓንያ አለቃ ፍራንሲስኮ ፒዛሮ ከነሥራዊቱ ጎበኛቸውና ወደ እስፓንያ ተመለሰ። የእስፓንያ ንግሥት እንዲወርራቸው ፈቃዷን ሰጥታ፣ ይህ ወረራ በ1524 ዓም ተከሠተ። ፒዛሮ በተመለሰበትም ጊዜ ኢንካዎች ከ1521 ዓም ጀምሮ በእርስ በርስ ጦርነት እንደ ተያዙ አገኛቸው። በዚህ ብሔራዊ ትግል ደክመውና ጠመንጃ ባለመኖራቸው ቶሎ ወደቁ። ሆኖም ቅሬታው አዲሱ ኢንካ መንግሥት እስከ 1564 ዓም ድረስ ቆየ።









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